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The ball lands out of the court, in the same court as the team that touched it last, under the net to the opposing team's court, or the ball touches the net "antennas." The ball also may not pass over or outside the antennas even if it lands in the opponents' court.1

The ball is touched more than three times before being returned to the other team's court.2

A player "lifts" or "carries" the ball (the ball remains in contact with the player's body for too long).

A player touches the net with any part of his or her body or clothing while making a play on the ball (with the exception of the hair).

The players of one team do not manage to touch the ball before the ball lands in their half of the court.

A back-row player spikes the ball while it is completely above the top of the net, unless he or she jumped from behind the attack line (the player is, however, allowed to land in front of the attack line).

A back-row player participates in a completed block of the opposing team's attack (completed means at least one blocker touched the ball).

The libero, a defensive player who can only play in the back row, attempts a block or makes an "attacking hit", defined as any shot struck while the ball is entirely above the top of the net.

A player completes an attack hit from higher than the top of the net when the ball is coming from an overhand finger pass (set) by a libero in the front zone.

A player is not in the correct position at the moment of serve, or serves out of turn. This type of foul is related to the position currently occupied by the players (see the table in the Equipment section). When ball is served, players can place themselves freely on the field (e.g. a "back-row" player can be close to the net) so long as they obey the following rules: The area "1" player must be behind the area "2" player and to the right of the area "6" player. The area "6" player must be behind area "3" player, to the left of area "1" player and to the right of area "5". The area "5" player must be behind the area "4" player and to the left of the area "6" player. Symmetric rules must be respected by the front-row players (those in areas "2", "3" and "4").

When hitting, a player makes contact with the ball in the space above the opponent's court (in blocking an attack hit, this is allowed).

A player touches the opponent's court with any part of his or her body except the feet or hands.4

When serving, a player steps on the court or the end line before making contact with the ball.

At the moment of serve, one or more players jump, raise their arms or stand together at the net in an attempt to block the sight of the ball from the opponent (screening).5

A player blocks the serve or attacks the serve when the ball is in the front zone and above the top of the net.

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